Amakuru

Igice cya I: gusesengura imiyoboro ya radiyo na tekinoroji ya tereviziyo

Igihe ibihe by’urusobe bigeze, ikoranabuhanga rishya ry’itangazamakuru rigezweho ryagiye rikurura abantu buhoro buhoro, kandi ikoranabuhanga rya radiyo na televiziyo rishingiye ku ikoreshwa rya interineti naryo ryabaye icyerekezo gikomeye cyo gukwirakwiza amakuru mu Bushinwa.Ubwa mbere, iyi nyandiko isesengura muri make imyumvire ijyanye, ibiranga nibyiza bya radiyo na tereviziyo ya tereviziyo, kandi ikaganira ku miterere yo gusaba hamwe na Prospect ya radiyo na tekinoroji ya tereviziyo.

Hamwe niterambere ryihuse ryubukungu bwimibereho, iterambere ryiterambere rya digitale irihuta kandi byihuse.Bitewe numuyoboro wa digitale, uburyo bwambere bwiterambere hamwe nuburyo bwitumanaho bwibitangazamakuru gakondo bya radio na tereviziyo byahindutse bikurikije, ibyo bikaba byateje imbere cyane inyungu za radio na tereviziyo gakondo, kandi bifite ibyiza byinshi mukubungabunga.Dushingiye ku byiza bikomeye bya radiyo na tereviziyo ya interineti mu itumanaho rigezweho, byizerwa ko hazabaho umwanya munini w'iterambere mu gihe kiri imbere.

1 incamake yumurongo wa radiyo na tekinoroji ya tereviziyo

Intandaro yumurongo wa radiyo na tekinoroji ya tekinoroji ni tekinoroji ya interineti.Muri ubu buryo bwa tekiniki, igice cyibanze ni umuyoboro wa seriveri wubatswe hifashishijwe interineti.Ibihimbano byihariye birimo ibimenyetso bigomba koherezwa na radio na tereviziyo, kandi hariho isano runaka hagati yamakuru kugirango akore interineti ihuye, kandi uyikoresha arashobora guhitamo yigenga.Guhitamo k'umukoresha bifitanye isano nibikorwa byubwenge bya seriveri kugirango utange abakoresha serivisi zamakuru yihariye.Binyuze muburyo bwa digitifike, abakoresha barashobora guhitamo no kubona amakuru byihuse kandi bagakora byoroshye.Abakoresha bakuraho inzira isubira inyuma bakeneye ibikorwa bitoroshye kugirango babone amakuru kera.Hifashishijwe imbeba, barashobora kureba progaramu bakanze page inshuro nke.Mubyongeyeho, mubuyobozi bwa seriveri ya seriveri, hari imikorere yo gukusanya no gutondeka ibyo abakoresha bakunda.Binyuze mu mibare y’abakoresha kureba bisanzwe porogaramu, seriveri ihora isunika porogaramu kubakoresha.Muri seriveri, hari kandi ibikoresho kubakoresha gukora videwo, ishobora guhagarika amashusho ya buri porogaramu ikayishyira kubakiriya kugirango abakoresha babireba.Mubyongeyeho, umuyoboro wikora cyane kandi wateguwe numuyoboro wogukwirakwiza ibyuma bya digitale nabyo ni ikintu kigaragara cyane cyikoranabuhanga.

Ibiranga 2 nibyiza bya radiyo numuyoboro wa tekinoroji

1) Gusangira amakuru menshi no gukora neza byihuse.Interineti ikusanya amakuru aturutse impande zose, ikanayinjiza muburyo bukwiranye no gukusanya amakuru ya interineti, ikamenya kugabana umutungo kurwego runaka.Ugereranije na radio na tereviziyo gakondo, ibyiza byayo bizagaragara cyane.Kandi seriveri yubatswe ukoresheje interineti nayo ifite ibiranga imikorere ihanitse mugutanga amakuru, kugirango tunoze imikorere yo kohereza amakuru.Abakora porogaramu za radiyo na tereviziyo bireba barashobora gukoresha mudasobwa mu guhindura amakuru, bagasobanura igabana ry'imirimo mu karere, kandi bakazamura cyane ubwiza bw'umusaruro no kohereza neza gahunda za radiyo na televiziyo.

2) Kunoza imikorere yo guhindura.Abakora progaramu ya radio na tereviziyo gakondo bakeneye kumara umwanya munini mugutunganya amashusho no gutunganya.Mugukora imiyoboro ya radiyo na tereviziyo ya enterineti, abanditsi ba porogaramu bakeneye gusa guhindura no gutunganya amakuru yakusanyijwe binyuze kuri interineti, hanyuma bakohereza porogaramu zakozwe ku biro by’ibicuruzwa, kandi uburyo bwa porogaramu ziboneka buratandukanye.Ibi bitezimbere cyane ubushobozi bwogukwirakwiza no kohereza umuvuduko wa radio na tereviziyo, kandi bitezimbere igihe cyo kohereza amakuru.Mu gutangaza amaradiyo na tereviziyo gakondo, ibisobanuro by'amashusho akenshi bihwanye neza no kohereza neza.Hifashishijwe uburyo bwa digitifike, ubwiza bwibiganiro bya TV bishobora gutezwa imbere cyane, kugabanuka kwubwiza bwa porogaramu buterwa numurima wa electromagnetic hamwe namakosa yibikorwa byabantu mugikorwa cyo kohereza porogaramu birashobora kugabanuka, kandi uburambe bwo kureba kubakoresha burashobora kuba bwiza byateye imbere.

Imiterere 3 yo gusaba hamwe na Prospect yumurongo wa radiyo na tekinoroji ya tereviziyo

1) Imiterere yimikorere ya radiyo numuyoboro wa tekinoroji.Kwishyira hamwe kwa enterineti hamwe na radiyo na tereviziyo byatangiye gutera imbere mu myaka irenga icumi ishize, kandi buhoro buhoro bishyira ikoranabuhanga munzira nziza muburyo bwa tekiniki bwigihe kirekire. Byatewe no gukoresha bwa mbere ikoranabuhanga rya digitale mu Bushinwa, ikimenyetso kwanduza no kohereza bigomba kurushaho kunozwa.Mubikorwa byo gukoresha ikoranabuhanga, harimo na digitale ya radiyo na tereviziyo yerekana amashusho no gukoresha amajwi.Ugereranije na radio na tereviziyo gakondo, imiyoboro ya radiyo na tereviziyo bifite imbaraga zo kurwanya kwivanga.Mu iterambere rya digitifike y amajwi, kugirango duhe abumva amajwi meza-amashusho meza, umuvuduko witerambere rya videwo ya digitale ijyanye nijwi rya digitale.Kugirango tumenye kwerekana amashusho ya dinamike, ibimenyetso byijwi byandikwa muburyo bwa digitale, kandi guhuza amajwi nishusho bigerwaho mubyukuri binyuze muburyo bwo guhuza agaciro kerekana amajwi n'amashusho.Umuyoboro wa radiyo na tereviziyo ya tekinoroji byujuje ibyifuzo byabantu bakeneye amakuru yubwoko bwose kandi bitanga uburyo bworoshye kubikorwa byabantu, kwiga nubuzima.

Kugira ngo turusheho kunoza no gutunganya ikoranabuhanga rya radiyo na televiziyo, dukeneye guhangana n'ibice bibiri bikurikira:
Icyambere, dukwiye gukemura ikibazo cyurusobe.Gutezimbere imiyoboro ya radiyo na tereviziyo, dukeneye gukemura ibibazo byibanze byurusobe.Iterambere ryiterambere rya tekinoroji yamakuru ya tekinoroji ni nini cyane, ariko haracyari inzira ndende yo guteza imbere imikorere.Kugeza ubu, icyibandwaho ni ugukomeza kunoza umurongo mugari wa IP, kwihutisha iyubakwa ryumuyoboro no kunoza umuvuduko wogukwirakwiza.Muguhitamo ibikoresho byohereza, kurubu, umurongo wihariye wa radio na tereviziyo ni optique ya fibre optique.Nyamara, urebye ikiguzi kinini cyo kubaka umuyoboro wa fibre optique, kugirango tunoze imikorere ya radiyo na tereviziyo, tugomba kugabanya ikiguzi cyibikorwa kandi tukamenya uburyo bunoze bwo kohereza amakuru dukoresheje ikoranabuhanga rya IP hamwe na radio na tekinoroji ya tereviziyo, Itanga kandi umwanya mugari witerambere mugutezimbere itangazamakuru rya radio na tereviziyo.
Icya kabiri, dukwiye gukemura ikibazo cyinkomoko yamakuru.Nyuma y’iturika ry’amakuru, niba amaradiyo na televiziyo gakondo by’Ubushinwa bifuza kugendana n’umuvuduko w’imurikagurisha, bigomba gushiraho ibihe byuzuzanya n’umutungo w’urusobe.Muburyo bugezweho bwiterambere ryihuse ryibitangazamakuru bishya, itangazamakuru gakondo rihura nigitutu cyo kubaho.Ariko, ingaruka zibitangazamakuru gakondo ntagereranywa nibitangazamakuru bishya.Kugirango twihute iterambere ryombi, dukwiye guteza imbere guhuza itangazamakuru gakondo nibitangazamakuru bishya.Iterambere ryihuse ryikoranabuhanga rya interineti rirashobora kwagura ibikorwa byitangazamakuru gakondo, kandi rikagura buhoro buhoro ibikorwa byubucuruzi bwinganda za radio na tereviziyo kubana byubucuruzi bwibanze, ubucuruzi bwongerewe agaciro nubucuruzi bwagutse.Ubucuruzi bwibanze nigice cyingenzi mubikorwa bya buri munsi bya radio na tereviziyo.Kwagura ubucuruzi nubucuruzi bwongerewe agaciro birashobora gukorwa binyuze mubitangazamakuru byurusobe, kugirango tumenye guhuza ibitangazamakuru byurusobe nibitangazamakuru gakondo, utange umukino wuzuye kubyiza byibitangazamakuru gakondo nka radio na tereviziyo, hanyuma ukore umuyoboro. tekinoroji ya digitale izana ubufasha bukomeye muguhanga no guteza imbere ikoranabuhanga rya radio na tereviziyo.

2) Ibyifuzo byo gusaba imiyoboro ya radiyo na tekinoroji ya tereviziyo.Mubihe bya interineti, imiyoboro ya digitale izatera imbere byihuse, bityo rero igomba guteza imbere iterambere ryinganda za radio na tereviziyo gakondo, kugirango yongere imbaraga zitangazamakuru gakondo.Ukurikije ibyo abantu basabwa muri iki gihe kugira ngo babone amakuru, uburyo bwo kohereza imiyoboro ya radiyo na tereviziyo ya interineti byanze bikunze bizerekana imiterere itandukanye y'iterambere, kandi mu gihe cy'iterambere, bizakomeza kunoza uburyo bwo gutanga umusaruro n'uburyo bwo gutangiza porogaramu, bityo kunoza uburyo bwo kohereza no gukwirakwiza ireme rya porogaramu no kuzamura imyumvire y'abakoresha.Niyo mpamvu, mu majyambere azaza, gukwirakwiza imiyoboro ya radiyo na radiyo na televiziyo bigomba no kugera ku muvuduko w’imurikagurisha, guhora tunoza urwego rwohereza no kugira ireme, kandi bigahora biteza imbere isoko ryagutse mu nzira y’iterambere, hitabwa ku buyobozi bwa isoko ryabakoresha, kandi tunoze kandi tunonosore imiyoboro ya radiyo na tereviziyo ya tekinoroji hamwe n’ibikenewe ku isoko n’abakoresha, Gusa muri ubu buryo dushobora rwose guteza imbere iterambere rirambye ry’inganda z’itangazamakuru mu Bushinwa.

4 Umwanzuro

Muri make, murwego rwiterambere rigezweho ryikoranabuhanga ryamakuru, kumenyekanisha imiyoboro ya radiyo na tekinoroji ya tereviziyo ntibyasubirwaho.Muri iyi nzira yiterambere, itangazamakuru gakondo rigomba kumenya neza ibyiza byabo nibibi.Mubikorwa byiterambere, bagomba gufatanya cyane nibitangazamakuru byo kumurongo kugirango bakomeze kunoza urwego rwabumva, umuvuduko wo kohereza amakuru nubwiza bwogukwirakwiza, no gukoresha neza umutungo.Kandi mu majyambere azaza, dukwiye kandi kumenya ibyiza byuzuzanya mubitangazamakuru gakondo nibitangazamakuru byurusobe, kugirango duteze imbere iterambere rya radiyo na tereviziyo ya enterineti mu Bushinwa.